Wardha Scheme of Education
Structure of the unit
13.0 Objectives
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Framework of Wardha Education Conference
13.3 Objectives of Wardha Education Scheme
13.4 Course Features and Time Tables
13.5 Teachers in Wardha Scheme
13.6 Basic Learning Method
13.7 Qualities or Features of
Wardha Education Scheme 13.8 Defects of Wardha Education Scheme
13.9 Evaluation of Wardha Education Scheme
13.10 Evaluation Questions
13.11 References
13.0 Objective
After studying this unit,
you will be able to get introduction of • Student Wardha Education Scheme.
• Students will be able to develop an understanding of the framework about the Wardha education scheme.
• Students will be able to explain the objectives of Wardha Education Scheme.
Students will be able to clarify the importance of the syllabus prescribed by the Wardha Education Scheme.
• Students will be able to develop understanding about the teacher and their training system in Wardha Education Scheme.
Students will be able to clarify the teaching method prescribed by Wardha Education Scheme.
• Students will be able to analyze the characteristics or qualities of Wardha education scheme.
• Students will be able to analyze the defects of Wardha Education Scheme.
• Students will be able to identify the accuracy through evaluation of Wardha Education Scheme.
13.1 Introduction
Avinash Lingam has said that "Wardha education scheme is the last and possibly greatest gift of our Father of the Nation" 1
"vardha scheme of education is the last and perhaps the greatest gift of the father of our nation."
There were two main things in the program of Congress cabinet in the country - public education and drug prohibition. But he was in a dilemma. Nurturing prohibition would have resulted in a drastic reduction in income, while excessive extra expenditure was required to make the program truly effective in mass education. Extraordinary debate started in the thinkers about the common aspects of the education plan on how coordination could be established in these two opposing works. Mahatma Gandhi was not only a high-level politician, but also a great social reformer. Various problems of society - education, untouchability, He had his own fundamental ideas about religion etc. He was well aware of the importance of education for national reconstruction. Therefore, as soon as the Congress Cabinet was established in the provinces in 1937, he started writing articles related to education in his newspaper "Harijan" with a view to attract the attention of Indians towards public education.
These education-related ideas and articles created a stir in the country. Debate started in the country on these ideas. Gandhiji invited education experts, national leaders and social reformers of various parts to the Silver Jubilee celebrations of Navabharata School on 22,23 October 1937 to get their plans examined by education-penetrating. Which is known as "All India National Education-Conference" or Wardha Education Scheme.
13.2 Outline of Wardha Education Scheme
In the Wardha Education Scheme in 1937, Gandhi presented a plan for self-reliance basic education, saying that "The present education system of the country cannot meet the needs of the country in any way." Whatever benefits are given by this education. Due to this, the major tax paying section of the country remains deprived, so the course of primary education should be at least seven years old, by which knowledge can be given up to metric, but instead of English, a good industry should be added to it. For the purpose of all-round development, all education should be given as far as possible by an industry, so that the expenses of education can also be paid. It is important that the government purchases those things at a price fixed by the state.
In this way, the educationists, after deliberating on Gandhiji's plan, passed the following proposals:
1. In the thoughts of the conference, all the children of the nation should be provided seven years of free and compulsory education.
2. The medium of instruction should be mother tongue.
3. "Handicrafts" should be the center of education for the entire period of seven years. So that institutions and students can get some benefit.
4. The expenditure of the salary of teachers should be extracted through "handicrafts".
After passing the above outline in the conference, a committee was appointed under the chairmanship of Dr. Zakir Hussain, Principal of "Jamia-Milia". The committee was given the task of preparing the plan of "Nai Talim". The committee presented two reports in December 1937 and April 1938.
Objectives of Wardha Education Scheme
The first report of the committee was presented before the Congress session to be held in February 1938 in Haripur. The session accepted the report. This report is famous as Wardha Shiksha Yojana and is also the basis of basic education. The outline of “Wardha Education Scheme” or “Basic Education Scheme” is as follows:
1. The duration of the basic education course is 7 years.
2. This education is free and compulsory for boys and girls between 7 and 14 years old.
3. The medium of instruction should be mother tongue.
4. English has no place in the curriculum.
5. Complete education is related to a basic craft.
6. The craft is chosen keeping in mind the qualifications and location requirements of the children.
7. Education of the craft should be provided in such a way that it can make the children self-reliant, making them high craftsmen.
8. The craft should be taught in such a way that the child can become well acquainted with its social and scientific importance.
9. Emphasis should be laid on manual labor so that the child can earn his livelihood by learning the craft.
10. Education should have a close relationship with the life, planet and village of the child and with his village's industries, handicrafts, and businesses.
11. The items made by the schools should be such that some expenses of the school can be run by selling them.
